"The Futility of Earthly Values" - (03/20/11)

Ecclesiastes Chapter 2

March 20, 2011 (Message #2 in Ecclesiastes Series)

INTRODUCTION:

Last Sunday we launched a new 12-week study of the OT Book of Ecclesiastes.  I explained to you that this is one of the most neglected books of the Bible because it makes believers, including preachers, feel uncomfortable.

For one thing, many Christians today have little appreciation for the OT in general.  They prefer the NT, believing, albeit inaccurately, that since many of the OT prophecies have occurred already and since Christ said that He came to “fulfill the Law,” then there isn’t much point in us studying the OT anymore.  They prefer to hang out in the Gospels and the Epistles of Paul.

Other Christians find that the Book of Ecclesiastes troubles them because it doesn’t make them feel all warm and fuzzy like many of the Psalms.  In fact, it contains some statements that don’t even sound correct.  On top of that, down through the years there have been many Bible scholars, including some famous ones like Martin Luther, who believed [believe] that Ecclesiastes should never have been included in the Canon of Scripture.  They think it somehow got in there by mistake.  Of course, if this were true it would undermine the validity of any portion of the Canon.  If we can simply reject the parts we don’t like or don’t understand then all bets and boundaries are off.  It becomes a big theological free-for-all.

TRANSITION:

Indeed, rightly understood and interpreted, Ecclesiastes has much to teach us about life and godliness.  But there is one more thing… before we launch into Chapter 2 I need to explain something else that is very important.  The Doctrine of the Inspiration of Scripture does not guarantee that everything in the Bible is correct, holy, honorable, or pleasing to God.  The Doctrine of Inspiration only guarantees that the record of events and the text itself are God-breathed and divinely preserved without errors.  For example, the Bible faithfully records the sin and treason of Judas Iscariot but it puts no stamp of approval on his actions.  What he did was evil, pure and simple, and it was satanically motivated, not God approved.  The Bible faithfully records the sin of Adam and Eve but what they did was clearly sinful.  Jonah’s dirty rotten attitude toward the Ninevites is included in the inspired text but that doesn’t mean that his attitude was righteous.

Here in Ecclesiastes we have an accurate record of Solomon’s foolish search for life’s meaning, but we can readily see that he was looking in all the wrong places.  The inspired text accurately records the thoughts of a man who was walking far from God, doing life on his own terms.  I tell you this because while Solomon here makes many true observations, we must be careful not to absorb everything he says at face value, because some of his conclusions are just plain wrongheaded.

Solomon was a complex character.  Raised in the palace, heir to the throne, given everything his heart could desire, yet he felt empty on the inside.  He even had an encounter with God in which he was told to ask for anything he wanted, so he asked God for wisdom and insight into how to rule over Israel.  The Bible says that God answered that prayer, in spades.  Throughout his reign he was a wise and beloved leader of his people, Israel.  However, his personal life was a mess that whole time.  He seemed unable to apply his wisdom to the realm of human relationships including marriage and family.

In the Book of Proverbs we see the incredible wisdom of Solomon.  Here in the Book of Ecclesiastes we see the boundless stupidity of Solomon.  They form a fascinating contrast, with both coming from the pen of the same man.  In 1:12-14 Solomon lays out for us his thesis.  He says: “I, the Teacher, was king of Israel, and I lived in Jerusalem. ¹³ I devoted myself to search for understanding and to explore by wisdom everything being done under heaven. I soon discovered that God has dealt a tragic existence to the human race. ¹⁴ I observed everything going on under the sun, and really, it is all meaningless—like chasing the wind” (NLT).  In chapter 2 we find Solomon following yet another course to find satisfaction in life.  This route he chooses is also a popular route for modern man who seeks satisfaction in all sorts of pleasures.

MAIN BODY:

Chapter 2 breaks down nicely into two parts;

• Outline of Chapter 2:

            A. The Futility of Pleasure and Accomplishments – 2:1-11

            B. The Futility of Earthly Success – 2:12-26

• By the way, I am making some use of Dr. Stan Ellisen’s outline of the Book of Ecclesiastes.  He was one of my OT professors from Western Seminary and he had a wonderful way of partitioning the Scriptures in divisions that make sense to me.

A. THE FUTILITY OF PLEASURE AND ACCOMPLISHMENTS – 2:1-11

The Preacher searched through a variety of “pleasures” (1-3):

¹I said to myself, “Come now, I will test you with pleasure.  So enjoy yourself.”  And behold, it too was futility.  ²I said of laughter, “It is madness,” and of pleasure, “What does it accomplish?”  ³I explored with my mind how to stimulate my body with wine while my mind was guiding me wisely, and how to take hold of folly, until I could see what good there is for the sons of men to do under heaven the few years of their lives.

1. Solomon seems to have tried everything known in the way of pleasure, including all kinds of laughter, mirth, and even substance abuse (v. 3).
1. “Pleasure” – The implication here is sexual pleasure.  Solomon makes this even clearer down in verse 8.  He explored every form of human sexuality, in the end being left empty and dissatisfied.  Surely this should resonate with our society and generation.
2. “Laughter” – I can’t help notice the upsurge in the last few years of people wanting to be “stand up comics.”  That phrase didn’t even exist a few years ago.  Now we have thousands of people just trying to make us laugh as though laughter and hilarity were the most important thing in life.  I imagine that Solomon surrounded himself with funny guys to try and take his mind off of his troubles.  It doesn’t work!
3. “Stimulate my body” – Solomon would have fit right in with my generation—the Woodstock kids, the flower children, the LSD crowd.  Solomon would have loved Timothy Leary.  He was limited to using alcohol to get high but if he had found anything stronger he would have certainly tried it.  He says in verse 3 that he actually “explored with his mind how to stimulate his body with wine”.  He applied the scientific method to the study of how best to get bombed out of his gourd!
2. Notice that he claims to have done all this, all the while retaining his perception (v. 4).  That is debatable.  The other night on TV I watched two half-hour episodes of a program called “Three Sheets.”  This guy goes all around the world drinking the local brews, wines, and liquors.  He gets drunk regularly yet claims to hold on to his good judgment, etc.  (By the way, I was only interested because the two that I watched were about Brazil and Portugal.)
3. His conclusion: All these things he found devoid of true meaning and heart satisfaction (cf. verse 12).

Solomon searched for satisfaction in his great achievements (4-7):

⁴I enlarged my works: I built houses for myself, I planted vineyards for myself; ⁵I made gardens and parks for myself and I planted in them all kinds of fruit trees; ⁶I made ponds of water for myself from which to irrigate a forest of growing trees.  ⁷I bought male and female slaves and I had homeborn slaves.  Also I possessed flocks and herds larger than all who preceded me in Jerusalem.

1. Like a lot of people, he tried to cover up his unhappiness with lots of activity.  He took up carpentry, winemaking, gardening, and horticulture.  These became hobbies for Solomon.  He built great buildings.  He established huge irrigation systems and undertook huge public works projects.  It is now known that snow was brought down from Mt. Hermon so that he could have cold drinks in the summertime.  He obviously was trying to exceed all who had come before him, and claims that he succeeded in this.
2. He sought satisfaction in “things.” He apparently got into both human and animal husbandry, raising livestock (horses, cattle, sheep, camels) and also breeding slaves. 

He describes his search for satisfaction in wealth and fame (8-10):

⁸Also, I collected for myself silver and gold and the treasure of kings and provinces.  I provided for myself male and female singers and the pleasures of men--many concubines.  ⁹Then I became great and increased more than all who preceded me in Jerusalem.  My wisdom also stood by me.  ¹⁰All that my eyes desired I did not refuse them.  I did not withhold my heart from any pleasure, for my heart was pleased because of all my labor and this was my reward for all my labor.

1. He accumulated servants, possessions, and riches.  He figured that these material things would satisfy him so he went for them in a big way.  Of course the only way he could get all this wealth was through taxation of the people.  In Solomon’s case he also had some huge gold mines.
2. He even tried the music scene.  He hired the best musicians money could buy.  He surrounded himself with music.  That sounds pretty modern, doesn’t it?
3. He gave all his energies to a full gratification of the flesh.  He is very forthright about admitting that he gave himself whatever his evil little heart desired.  He had the money, he had the power.  Who could tell him, “NO”?
4. The last part of verse 9 is a head-scratcher: “My wisdom also stood by me.”  I don’t think so!
5. In verse 10 he claims that all these goodies were in a sense his right due to his hard work.  They were his rightful wages.  But is that true?  Is that how God would look at this?  I don’t think so.  Kings have always had the idea that they were somehow entitled to their wealth by a divine right.  But did God ever say that?

Solomon sums up the conclusion of all his experimentation (11):

¹¹Thus I considered all my activities which my hands had done and the labor which I had exerted, and behold all was vanity and striving after wind and there was no profit under the sun.

1. He concludes that life is devoid of ultimate meaning and without real profit, in spite of all his material possessions and accomplishments.  In the end those things meant nothing to him.
2. He says that in the end, the results of this search were emptiness and chasing after the wind.  There was no profit gained.  He found that even the world’s very best things cannot satisfy the heart.  The sad thing here though is that a lot of people will not take Solomon’s word for it; they will insist on making his same mistakes all over again.  But eventually they will come to the same conclusions.  They will say: “Life is empty and has no meaning.” 

B. THE FUTILITY OF EARTHLY SUCCESS (Materialism) – 2:12-26

The Preacher admits to the advantage of wisdom over folly (12-13):

¹²So I turned to consider wisdom, madness, and folly; for what will the man do who will come after the king [meaning him] except what has already been done?  ¹³And I saw that wisdom excels folly as light excels darkness.

1. After weighing this subject in his mind he concludes that wisdom far exceeds folly (13).  Then he points out that anyone who comes along wanting to check this out for himself will have to walk in his footsteps because he has already exhausted the search.  He is the expert!
2. Notice that he certainly gives no merit to ignorance.  He says that wisdom always trumps stupidity, in the same way that light always trumps darkness.  What he means is that when wisdom walks in the door, stupidity has to flee, just like darkness always flees from the light.  Look at verse 14: a wise man uses his head and uses his eyes, while a fool just bumps around in the dark.

The writer observes the universal leveling process of death (14-16):

¹⁴The wise man’s eyes are in his head, but the fool walks in darkness.  And yet I know that one fate befalls them both.  ¹⁵Then I said to myself, “As is the fate of the fool, it will also befall me.  Why then have I been extremely wise?”  So I said to myself, “This too is vanity.”  ¹⁶For there is no lasting remembrance of the wise man as with the fool, inasmuch as in the coming days all will be forgotten.  And how the wise man and the fool alike die!

1. So he’s saying that while it is true that it’s better to be a wise man than a fool, an educated man instead of an ignorant man, ironically, all of them end up in the grave—the foolish and the wise, the educated and the ignorant, the righteous and the wicked (14).
2. Maddeningly, the grave seems to hold no advantages for the wise (16).  The wise man and the fool may end up lying side by side in the cemetery and they both have the same dirt thrown in their faces in the end.  That just doesn’t seem fair, does it?

The Preacher shows the futility and resulting depression of life (17-18a):

¹⁷So I hated life, for the work which had been done under the sun was grievous to me; because everything is futility and striving after wind.  ^18aThus I hated all the fruit of my labor for which I had labored under the sun…

1. Notice how much hating is going on in these two verses: “I hated life,” and, “I hated the fruit of my labor.”
2. Man’s best efforts seemed to him to be without value—again, those same words: “futility” (emptiness, without meaning or purpose) and “striving after wind.”
3. Thus, the products of his life were reprehensible.  “I hated all the fruit of my labor…”  Those are very strong words!

Solomon comments on the disappointment of his success and successors (18b-23):

^18aThus I hated all the fruit of my labor for which I had labored under the sun… ^18bfor I must leave it to the man who will come after me.  ¹⁹And who knows whether he will be a wise man or a fool?  Yet he will have control over all the fruit of my labor for which I have labored by acting wisely under the sun.  This too is vanity.  ²⁰Therefore I completely despaired of all the fruit of my labor for which I had labored under the sun.  ²¹When there is a man who has labored with wisdom, knowledge and skill, then he gives his legacy to one who has not labored with them.  This too is vanity and a great evil.  ²²For what does a man get in all his labor and in his striving with which he labors under the sun?  ²³Because all his days his task is painful and grievous; even at night his mind does not rest.  This too is vanity.

1. A person’s success is often exploited by an unworthy successor (21).  How many people have worked all their lives to accumulate a little of this world’s goods, then they leave it to some godless fool of a relative who quickly squanders it all on wine, women, and song.  Or how about the good Christian people today who leave money to so-called Christian organizations, but they have no assurance that the organizations will remain true to the faith.  Think about it.  How many Christian organizations have become apostate and have departed from teaching the Word of God?  We have no guarantees.  We also know that Solomon faced this same kind of problem, and I Kings 12 tells us what happened.  He left the kingdom to his son, and it was his son’s foolish arrogance that resulted in the dividing of the kingdom.  What a tragedy that was!
2. Success also brings sleepless nights of useless worrying (23).  This reminds me of one of my favorite commercials.  Have you seen this one?  First he takes it out from under his mattress and buries it in the backyard.  Then he digs it up and takes it to the bank and locks it in the vault.  But on his bed he’s worried and can’t sleep so he goes back to the bank, gets his bone and brings it back home and insures it with Traveler’s Insurance.  The background music is a guy singing, “Worry, worry, worry…”

Solomon holds out an alternative based on faith in God (24-26):

²⁴There is nothing better for a man than to eat and drink and tell himself that his labor is good.  This also I have seen that it is from the hand of God.  ²⁵For who can eat and who can have enjoyment without Him?  ²⁶For to a person who is good in His sight He has given wisdom and knowledge and joy, while to the sinner He has given the task of gathering and collecting so that he may give to one who is good in God’s sight.  This too is vanity and striving after wind.

1. He says that man’s responsibility is to receive and enjoy life as a gift, coming directly from the hand of God (24).  Moreover, he should remind himself often that God is the Giver of these good things.
2. Man should trust God for ultimate meaning and live his life as unto Him, rather than for himself.
3. In verse 26 Solomon clearly divides mankind into two camps: (Group #1) those who are good in God’s sight and have found favor with Him; and (Group #2) sinners, who God has tasked with heaping up good things for group #1.  Then he comments at the end of verse 26 that for them this is just more emptiness and wind-chasing.

CONCLUSION:

            Once again I must remind you that in the Book of Ecclesiastes Solomon is looking at life from the perspective of one who is “under the sun,” i.e. immersed in the world and it’s way of thinking.  It is the view of the man apart from God.  This is not the view of the man in Christ, seated in the heavenly places of Ephesians 2:6.  This view “under the sun” always leads to pessimism and dark thinking.

            Another way to think of this… Ecclesiastes looks at life from the perspective of a carnal Christian, a person who is walking afar off, leaving God out of every equation.  Life sucks, the joy of his salvation is gone, the world looks bleak, and there is no reason for life to go on.

            Or from another angle… We could maybe say that Ecclesiastes looks at life through the eyes of a person who is clinically depressed and off his meds.

            So as Christians, how are we to process all of this?  How much of what Solomon says should we take as Gospel Truth?  Can we hold tightly onto the doctrine of Inspiration and yet disagree with him or are we forced to agree with his findings about life?

FEEDBACK:

            Of the things you’ve seen here today are there points in which you disagree with Solomon?  Why?              Are there things that you agree with him about?  Which ones?

"The Folly of Man Under the Sun" - (03/13/11)

Introduction to Ecclesiastes (Message #1 in Series)

March 13, 2011

INTRODUCTION:

How many of you consider yourself to be “reasonably intelligent”?  OK, but have you ever done anything really stupid, that you regretted later?  I certainly have—more times than I want to admit.  Most of you have watched the movie, “Forrest Gump,” starring Tom Hanks.  In that film, Hanks plays the part of a guy who is not very smart but who is good to the core, does kind deeds, and says wise things.  That’s an interesting combination because we expect that a dumb guy would act stupidly and say stupid things.  It just proves that wisdom and intelligence don’t necessarily always go together.

Then, of course, there is Solomon in the Bible—the son of King David, he was heir to the throne of Israel, born into wealth, power, and opulence.  Yet soon after he was crowned king he had one of those “Ah-ha” moments in which he realized that he was not up to the task of ruling over Israel.  This is all explained in I Kings 3:1-14.  Let’s look at that to get the context.

¹Solomon made an alliance with Pharaoh, the king of Egypt, and married one of his daughters.  He brought her to live in the City of David until he could finish building his palace and the Temple of the Lord and the wall around the city.  ²At that time the people of Israel sacrificed their offerings at local places of worship, for a temple honoring the name of the Lord had not yet been built.  ³Solomon loved the Lord and followed all the decrees of his father, David, except that Solomon, too, offered sacrifices and burned incense at the local places of worship.  ⁴The most important of these places of worship was at Gibeon, so the king went there and sacrificed 1,000 burnt offerings.  ⁵That night the Lord appeared to Solomon in a dream, and God said, “What do you want?  Ask, and I will give it to you!”  ⁶Solomon replied, “You showed faithful love to Your servant my father, David, because he was honest and true and faithful to You.  And You have continued Your faithful love to him today by giving him a son to sit on his throne.  ⁷“Now, O Lord my God, You have made me king instead of my father, David, but I am like a little child who doesn’t know his way around.  ⁸And here I am in the midst of Your own chosen people, a nation so great and numerous they cannot be counted!  ⁹Give me an understanding heart so that I can govern Your people well and know the difference between right and wrong.  For who by himself is able to govern this great people of Yours?”  ¹⁰The Lord was pleased that Solomon had asked for wisdom.  ¹¹So God replied, “Because you have asked for wisdom in governing My people with justice and have not asked for a long life or wealth or the death of your enemies—¹²I will give you what you asked for!  I will give you a wise and understanding heart such as no one else has had or ever will have!  ¹³And I will also give you what you did not ask for—riches and fame!  No other king in all the world will be compared to you for the rest of your life!  ¹⁴And if you follow Me and obey My decrees and My commands as your father, David, did, I will give you a long life.” (NLT)

So far, so good, but Solomon is well known to us, not only for his great wisdom, but also for exercising incredibly bad judgment in his personal life.  Oh sure, we all remember his wisdom in deciding the case between the two women who both claimed to be the mother of the same little baby.  But this is the same Solomon who according to I Kings 11:1-8 ended up with 700 wives and 300 concubines!  Any married man will tell you that was a serious lapse in good judgment!  No wisdom there!  Let’s look at that passage:

¹Now King Solomon loved many foreign women.  Besides Pharaoh’s daughter, he married women from Moab, Ammon, Edom, Sidon, and from among the Hittites.  ²The Lord had clearly instructed the people of Israel, ‘You must not marry them, because they will turn your hearts to their gods.’  Yet Solomon insisted on loving them anyway.  ³He had 700 wives of royal birth and 300 concubines.  And in fact, they did turn his heart away from the Lord.  ⁴In Solomon’s old age, they turned his heart to worship other gods instead of being completely faithful to the Lord his God, as his father, David, had been.  ⁵Solomon worshiped Ashtoreth, the goddess of the Sidonians, and Molech, the detestable god of the Ammonites.  ⁶In this way, Solomon did what was evil in the Lord’s sight; he refused to follow the Lord completely, as his father, David, had done.  ⁷On the Mount of Olives, east of Jerusalem, he even built a pagan shrine for Chemosh, the detestable god of Moab, and another for Molech, the detestable god of the Ammonites. ⁸Solomon built such shrines for all his foreign wives to use for burning incense and sacrificing to their gods.

So how are we to take Solomon?  The Bible says he was the wisest man who ever lived (at least in some areas).  But that same Bible paints a picture of him as a total moron in regard to spending money, and in marital and family relationships.  Yet through it all he seems to have learned some important life lessons through his experiences.  That, in and of itself, is admirable.  Too many of us go bumbling through life without learning a blessed thing worth passing on to the next generations.

TRANSITION:

In spite of his lapses in judgment and his outright screw-ups, God thought enough of Solomon to use him to write three books in our Bible: Canticles (Song of Solomon), Proverbs, and Ecclesiastes.  When looked at together these three books serve as a rough outline of Solomon’s life.  The ancient Jewish scholars tell us that he first wrote the Song of Solomon at the very beginning of his reign, while he was still very young and still very much in love with his first wife and lover, identified as “the Shulamite maiden” in that book.  It is a tender and intimate love story from the perspective of a man who was crazy-in-love with his wife.  Next, in mid-life he wrote the Book of Proverbs, a collection of observations on life interspersed with one-liner wise sayings that sum up his views on all kinds of subjects and situations.

However, toward the end of his life, Solomon penned the Book of Ecclesiastes.  It is very different from his first two books.  It is dark and depressing, filled with bitterness and cynicism.  It is hard to read.  It is hard to preach and teach.  In fact, most of you have never heard a sermon from the Book of Ecclesiastes because most preachers bypass it in favor of more uplifting texts.  But you know me—“boldly going where no man has gone before”!  I believe that if it is in the Bible then God must mean for us to study it, understand it, and apply it’s truths to our lives.  So starting today, we are going to study the Book of Ecclesiastes together.  But I warn you; it will not be an easy read.  There is much in this book that will serve as a mirror for our own follies and foolishness.  Moreover, you will discover that this book is amazingly up-to-date in terms of the worldviews in which we are constantly “stewing and simmering.”  Jesus said that we are “in this world” but should not be “of this world.”  The Book of Ecclesiastes will help us better understand why He made that statement.

I plan to have us take a plane ride over the book.  It has 12 chapters and I plan to cover the book in 12 messages.  Obviously, we will miss a lot of stuff.  At this pace I won’t be able to hit all the fine points.  But I figure that it’s about all we’ll be able to handle, but hopefully, will serve to whet our appetites and give us an appreciation for this ancient portion of Scripture.

MAIN BODY:

The book gets its English name from the Greek version of the Bible, which has the title, “Ekklesiastes” from the word meaning “assembly.”  By the way, it is from this word that we get the word “church” (ekklesia).  The Hebrew name of the book is, “Kohelet,” which signifies, “one who assembles, or addresses an assembly.”  This has been taken to mean either (1) “one who collects” wise sayings (cf. 12:9-10), or (2) “one who addresses an assembly,” that is, a preacher or speaker, the logical implication being that one assembles a group for the purpose of addressing it.

Solomon’s purpose in writing the book seems to be to show from his personal experience that all earthly goals and blessings, when pursued as ends in themselves, lead to dissatisfaction and emptiness.  He concludes that the highest good in life lies in knowing, reverencing, and obeying God, and enjoying life while one still can.  In this book we will see Solomon as a man of faith; he was skeptical only of human wisdom, wealth, and endeavor, because he had, “Been there – Done that – Bought the T-shirt!” and still came up empty.

This first chapter divides nicely into two sections.  My outline of the chapter looks like this…

OUTLINE of Chapter 1:

A. The Transitory Nature of Things (Verses 1-11)

B. The Futility of Wisdom (Verses 12-18)

The chapter starts out with “the Preacher” being identified in verse 1: ¹The words of the Preacher, the son of David, king in Jerusalem.  Until the 19^th Century it was generally believed that Solomon wrote the book in its entirety.  Luther was actually one of the first to throw doubt on this fact.  However, I’m just gullible enough to believe the text itself, as well as the untold centuries of ancient witness to the Solomonic authorship of this book.

Verse 2 lays out for us the Preacher’s thesis: ²“Vanity of vanities,” says the Preacher, “Vanity of vanities!  All is vanity.”  This word, vanity, in Hebrew literally just means “air.”  In Isa. 57:13 it is translated as “breath.”  In Proverbs 21:6 it is “vapor,” like the condensed breath that one breathes on a cold day.  Solomon is saying that everything in this life is transitory, and therefore, futile to be pursued.  He had discovered that life has no final meaning apart for God and His revelation.  Apart from that, life is all just “hot air.”  We’ll discover later that he’s not a complete pessimist; he is merely pessimistic about human existence bringing satisfaction apart from God. 

In verse 3 Solomon expands the sphere of our consideration by introducing a phrase that we will see over and over again in this book.  He poses a question: ³What advantage does man have in all his work, which he does under the sun?  The phrase “under the sun” simply means life as we know it, human existence with all its joys and sorrows, ups and downs, toils and pleasures.  He asks, “What advantage does a man gain in this life for all his efforts?”  His conclusion is, “NONE”!

This phrase, “under the sun,” or some variation of it, is going to show up 34 times in this book.  In fact, I would advise you to take some time this afternoon and read through all 12 chapters at one sitting with a highlighter pen in your hand.  Every time you come across the phrase, “under the sun,” or “under heaven,” or “on the earth,” highlight it.  You will be surprised how many times it appears.  (Note: I’m using the NASB.  Your Bible may have a little bit different phase but you will recognize it when you see it.)

Starting in verse 4 Solomon begins to develop his thesis.  He starts out by pointing out the transitory nature of things.  ⁴A generation goes and a generation comes, but the earth remains forever.  ⁵Also, the sun rises and the sun sets; and hastening to its place it rises there again.  ⁶Blowing toward the south, then turning toward the north, the wind continues swirling along; and on its circular courses the wind returns.  ⁷All the rivers flow into the sea, yet the sea is not full.  To the place where the rivers flow, there they flow again.  He says that life is like a merry-go-round.  To illustrate this truth he points to the continual cycles of the sun, wind, oceans and rivers.

We can hear in his words as they come sliding off his pen that he is a frustrated man.  In verse 8 he says that these continual, monotonous cycles in nature are futile and seem to have no meaning and give no satisfaction whatsoever.  Wherever Solomon looks in nature he finds the same tiresome, ceaseless round of meaningless activity.  ⁸All things are wearisome; man is not able to tell it.  The eye is not satisfied with seeing, nor is the ear filled with hearing.  He means that it is impossible to put into words the futility of it all.  Solomon seems to be disturbed by his own conclusions.  These are the words of an angry, disillusioned old man, but one who on the other hand, knows what he is talking about.  He spent his life “chasing after the wind,” only to find out that it means nothing and cannot satisfy the longings of the human heart.

In verses 9-10 the Preacher goes on to say that the future will just be a repeat of the past.  ⁹That which has been is that which will be, and that which has been done is that which will be done.  So there is nothing new under the sun.  ¹⁰Is there anything of which one might say, “See this, it is new”?  Already it has existed for ages which were before us.  He says, don’t look for things to change, to be different tomorrow.  It’s just the same-old same-old.  Thus, he concludes, life is futile; neither what we call “success” nor “failure” has any real value in the light of the future.

Solomon goes on to say in verse 11 that the past will inevitably be forgotten.  ¹¹There is no remembrance of earlier things; and also of the later things which will occur, there will be for them no remembrance among those who will come later still.  He says that not only will the past inevitably be forgotten, likewise, the future will also someday forget us!  On our recent trip to the Southwest we stopped for a night and a day in Delta, Colorado where my family came from.  Ramel and I went up to the old cemetery and wandered around until we found the graves of some of my ancestors, including my great-grandparents and other relatives.  I know that they were real people when they were alive, with personalities and sense of humor and hopes and dreams.  But now, for me, they are just names on gravestones.  They are in the past, long-gone and forgotten.  Moreover, if the Lord tarries, someday some of my descendents may stand in a graveyard reading my name on a headstone and feeling the same disconnectedness from me.

Verse 12 begins the second section of the chapter, which deals with The Futility of Wisdom.  First of all, the writer identifies himself again.  ¹²I, the Preacher, have been king over Israel in Jerusalem.  This is basically a repeat of verse 1.  Then he goes on in verse 13 to describe his diligent search through the labyrinths of human wisdom looking for the meaning of life.  He says, ¹³And I set my mind to seek and explore by wisdom concerning all that has been done under heaven.  It is a grievous task, which God has given to the sons of men to be afflicted with. 

It is obvious that the futility was not due to a lack of resolve on his part.  He threw himself wholeheartedly into the task but came up empty-handed.  Look at verse 14:  ¹⁴I have seen all the works which have been done under the sun, and behold, all is vanity and striving after wind.  ¹⁵What is crooked cannot be straightened and what is lacking cannot be counted.  ¹⁶I said to myself, “Behold, I have magnified and increased wisdom more than all who were over Jerusalem before me; and my mind has observed a wealth of wisdom and knowledge.”  So after this carful search he declares the inability of wisdom.  Even with his great wisdom, true meaning in life still escaped him. 

The chapter ends with verses 17-18 in which the Preacher declares the frustration of great wisdom.  He says: ¹⁷And I set my mind to know wisdom and to know madness and folly; I realized that this also is striving after wind.  ¹⁸Because in much wisdom there is much grief, and increasing knowledge results in increasing pain.  Solomon says that, in a sense, “ignorance is bliss” because with greater knowledge and wisdom one clearly discerns the futility of life “under the sun.”  In fact, he says that not only does the search for life’s meaning prove frustrating and its goal unattainable, but it actually also brings mental and spiritual pain.

What a depressing conclusion!  It’s not what we want to hear.  It rubs us the wrong way because we all secretly hope that if we just keep looking long enough through the things this world offers, sooner or later we will find the magic key that will unlock all human happiness and ultimate meaning.  Solomon, the wisest man in history, one of the wealthiest men in history, one of the most intelligent men in history, one of the most powerful men in history, one of the most sexually satisfied men in history… says it just ain’t so!  None of these things holds the key.

CONCLUSION:

            We humans are wired up in such a way that we think, “If I can just do this, or have that, then I will be truly satisfied and happy.  If I just had a little more money so that I could buy that thing I’ve been craving, then I know that my life would be truly complete.”  The thing about Solomon—he had all the money, power, sex, good looks, fame, and toys that anyone could ever want.  He tried it all.  He had it all.  He did it all.  But at the end, he concluded, “It’s all vanity—smoke, mirrors, hot air, a waste of time.  It doesn’t satisfy.  It doesn’t fill the hole in the soul of an individual.  It doesn’t bring real happiness.”

            The danger for us is to think to ourselves, “Yeah, but maybe he just didn’t find the right thing.  Surely he was mistaken.  Otherwise it would mean that the things I’ve been chasing all my life aren’t going to satisfy me either, and that is unthinkable.”

            May we have the courage to stop the crazy race long enough to consider whether we too are, as Solomon puts it, “striving after the wind.”

FEEDBACK:

            What thoughts come to your mind?  What are you hoping to gain through this study of the Book of Ecclesiastes?

“A Blind Man’s Last Chance” - (04/18/10)

INTRODUCTION:
            Many of the books of the Bible have a key verse that summarizes the content of the book and helps us visualize the book as a whole.  For example.

• Key verse of Matthew = 1:1, “The record of the genealogy of Jesus the Messiah, the Son of David, the Son of Abraham.”
• Key verses of John = 20:30-31, “Therefore many other signs Jesus also performed in the presence of the disciples, which are not written in this book; but these have been written so that you may believe that Jesus is the Christ, the Son of God; and that believing you may have life in His name.”
• Key verse of Acts = 1:8, “But you will receive power when the Holy Spirit has come upon you; and you shall be My witnesses both in Jerusalem, and in all Judea and Samaria, and even to the remotest part of the earth.”
• Key verse of Mark = 10:45, “For even the Son of Man did not come to be served, but to serve, and to give His life a ransom for many.”  This verse from Mark is beautifully illustrated by the story that immediately follows it, the story of the healing of Blind Bartimaeus.

TRANSITION:

This story is recorded three times in the NT: in Matthew 20:29-34; in Luke 18:35-43; and here in Mark 10:46-52.  In each account there are details added that give us the full picture.  I will supplement Mark’s text from the other two.

MAIN BODY:

Verse 46: And they came to Jericho.  And as He was going out from [old] Jericho with His disciples and a great multitude, a blind beggar named Bartimaeus, the son of Timaeus, was sitting by the road. 

• Mark focuses his whole story on two men—Bartimaeus, the blind beggar of Jericho, and Jesus.  [Matthew relates that there were actually two beggars that Jesus healed.  Luke only mentions one.  However, neither writer includes their names.  Mark, on the other hand, chooses to focus his attention on just one of them, and gives his name.]  What do we know about this man, Bartimaeus?  Not much.  We know his name, his father’s name, the town he lived in, and his general situation.  And just what was Bartimaeus’ situation?  He was in big trouble!  He was blind.  He lived in total blackness.  He couldn’t see anything.  That meant He was limited to supporting himself and perhaps a family on what he could make by begging along the roadside.  His situation was desperate!
• Darkness is often used in the Bible as a metaphor for evil, and physical blindness as a picture of spiritual blindness.  A good example is Acts 26:16-18 where Paul gives his testimony before King Agrippa.  Here he quotes from the words spoken to him by Jesus on the road to Damascus: “But get up and stand on your feet; for this purpose I have appeared to you, to appoint you a minister and a witness not only to the things which you have seen, but also to the things in which I will appear to you; rescuing you from the Jewish people and from the Gentiles, to whom I am sending you, to open their eyes so that they may turn from darkness to light and from the dominion of Satan to God, that they may receive forgiveness of sins and an inheritance among those who have been sanctified by faith in Me.”  
• Jesus was just passing through Jericho.  He had no plans to stay there.  Look at the beginning of the verse—He came… and He went.  On His way to Jerusalem He first passed through the area of the ancient walled city of Jericho.  That had long been destroyed leaving only ruins, and no one actually lived there.  This story took place between the old city and the much newer Roman city.  That’s why Matthew and Mark’s accounts say that it happened as He was “leaving Jericho” and Luke’s account says that it happened as he was “coming into” Jericho.  The NT town of Jericho was located 15.5 miles from Jerusalem.  It sat in the Jordan Valley just to the northwest of the upper end of the Dead Sea at an elevation of 1,000 ft. below sea level (the Dead Sea is at 1,300 ft. below sea level).  Jericho was well known for its rich palm and balsam groves that yielded lucrative revenues for the Romans [thus, Zaccheus the tax collector in the story that follows in Luke’s Gospel].  Jerusalem, on the other hand, sits at 2,625 ft. above sea level.  That means a climb of 3,625 ft. in 15.5 miles, or an average grade of 4.4%.  (The climb up Haleakala from the airport is an average of 5% grade, just to give you an idea.)
• It says there was a “great multitude” with Him.  Remember, this was just one week before the start of Passover and there were hundreds of people on the road, all making their way up that steep mountain to Jerusalem.  Besides the large group of people following along with Jesus there were many others who just happened to be there at the same time.  They all witnessed what happened next.

Verse 47: And when he heard that it was Jesus the Nazarene, he began to cry out and say, “Jesus, Son of David, have mercy on me!” 

• Bartimaeus was sitting by the roadside begging.  How did he hear that Jesus was passing by?  We don’t know.  How did he know who Jesus was?  Again, we don’t know.  But somewhere or other he had heard about this one that many people said was the Messiah, and was able to do great miracles.  When he learned that it was Jesus who was passing by he began to shout as loud as he could: “Jesus, Son of David, have mercy on me!”  He used a title that specifically referred to the Messiah.  He was not just being polite or politically correct.  He was making a theological statement about who Jesus really was.  [See Matthew 12:23.]  Bartimaeus recognized that this was his great chance.

Verse 48: And many were sternly telling him to be quiet, but he began crying out all the more, “Son of David, have mercy on me!” 

• The crowd around him tried to shut him up.  They “sternly” told him to shut up and to quit yelling.  The text uses the imperfect tense, which carries the meaning that they kept rebuking him repeatedly.  In that moment Bartimaeus had to make a choice: to listen to the crowd that was telling him to sit and shut up, or listen to that small voice in his head that told him this was his last chance.  So, he shouted all the more and all the louder: “Son of David, have mercy on me!”  [See the publican’s prayer in Luke 18:13.]  This shows us the courage of Bartimaeus.

Verse 49: And Jesus stopped and said, “Call him here.”  And they called the blind man, saying to him, “Take courage, arise!  He is calling for you.” 

• “Jesus stopped.”  Those are beautiful words.  He was busy, but never too busy to hear the cry of faith of someone in trouble.  The other beautiful words here are, “He is calling for you.”  Jesus was calling Bartimaeus in that moment but He is still calling men and women today.  In fact, He may be calling to you today.
• In this verse we see a second group of people—the ones who encouraged him to quickly make his way to Jesus.  The verb they used means “to be of good cheer, to be courageous.”  When a person is considering following Jesus there are always two crowds: the first group that says, “Don’t be a chump.  This is just a passing fancy.  Sit down and have another beer.”  Then there is the group that will encourage you to go after Jesus, saying, “Quickly, He’s calling for you.”  The question always is, “Which group are you going to listen to?”

Verse 50: And casting aside his cloak, he jumped up, and came to Jesus. 

• You can see right here who he chose to listen to.  The verbs used here suggest that Bartimaeus acted with great haste.  He sprang up!  Immediately upon hearing that Jesus was calling for him he threw off every impediment and leaped to his feet.  He was blind but obviously not weak.  This was the opportunity of a lifetime and he was not about to let it slip away from him.

Verse 51: And answering him, Jesus said, “What do you want Me to do for you?”  And the blind man said to Him, “Rabboni, I want to regain my sight!” 

• “And answering him…”  This refers to Jesus answering Bartimaeus’ cry for help.  The Lord heard and now He answered.
• The Lord’s question: “What do you want [lit. wish, thello] Me to do for you?”  The answer seems obvious to us but Jesus wanted Bartimaeus to verbalize his need.  The same is true of us today.  God wants us to tell Him what we need.  He invites us to come to Him and ask.
• In this verse we see Bartimaeus’ petition.  His answer to Jesus’ question begins with “Rabboni.”  [The same word that Mary Magdalene used at the Resurrection.  Cf. John 20:16].  This is an Aramaic word for teacher/master that shows great respect.  It is a strengthened form of the word “Rabbi.”  Literally it means, “my teacher, or my Master.”  Bartimaeus said, “Rabboni, that I may receive my sight.”  Bartimaeus used the Greek verb anablépo, which is a compound word from blépo, “to see” with the preposition ana, which here means “again.”  Literally he says, “…in order that I may see again.”  This leads us to conclude that Bartimaeus was not born blind but lost his sight through an illness or an injury.

Verse 52: And Jesus said to him, “Go your way; your faith has made you well.” And immediately he received his sight and began following Him on the road. 

• In this verse we witness Bartimaeus’ salvation.  Jesus made it clear that Bartimaeus’ healing was in response to his faith, demonstrated by his persistence and eagerness and his recognition of Jesus as the Messiah.  Jesus said, “Go; your faith has healed [literally, saved, sodzo] you.”  I think that both senses of the word are true here.  He was healed and he was saved, both through the power of Jesus.
• The miracle occurred immediately: “And immediately he saw again.”  The text repeats the same verb used in verse 51, which means “to see again.”
• Matthew’s account adds a tender detail in 20:34, “Moved with compassion, Jesus touched their eyes; and immediately they regained their sight and followed Him.” 
• Luke’s account gives another precious piece of information in 18:43, “Immediately he regained his sight and began following Him, glorifying God; and when all the people saw it, they gave praise to God.” 
• All three accounts say that Bartimaeus followed Jesus on the road.  That is, he followed them into the new Roman Jericho.
• Can you imagine his joy and the joy of his friends and loved ones when he went home that night with a whole different future, telling the story of his meeting with Jesus?  I’m sure there was a party at his house that night!

CONCLUSION:
            The healing of Bartimaeus was the last healing miracle of Jesus’ ministry.  What if Bartimaeus had decided, “Well, He’s busy so I won’t bother Him today.  I’ll catch Him next time He comes to town”?  the fact is, Jesus never passed through Jericho again.  This indeed was Bartimaeus’ last chance!

            Before He headed on toward Jerusalem Jesus made only one other stop-off.  It was to talk to another man, a tax collector by the name of Zaccheus.  Luke records that meeting in Luke 19.  He sums up the miracle that occurred in Zaccheus’ life in verses 9-10: “And Jesus said, ‘Today salvation has come to this house, because he, too, is a son of Abraham.  For the Son of Man has come to seek and to save that which was lost.’”  This sums up beautifully what happening in both Zaccheus’ and Bartimaeus’ lives.  Salvation came to their homes.  They had both been lost but were now found.  Their encounters with Jesus had changed them completely, eternally.

To sum up…

·       Bartimaeus recognized his dire situation. (v. 46)

·       Bartimaeus saw his chance. (v. 47)

·       Bartimaeus ignored the crowd and exercised courage. (v. 48)

·       Bartimaeus responded to Christ’s call. (v. 49)

·       Bartimaeus made his plea to the Lord. (v. 51)

·       Bartimaeus received his healing and salvation from Jesus. (v. 52)

·       Bartimaeus went home rejoicing because of the grace and mercy of God.

This is the simple blueprint for every person who wants to come to Jesus.  Today Jesus is passing by here.  But He may never pass this way again.  Don’t miss your chance today to experience the healing and salvation that He came to give you.  Trust Him today with your life.  The Bible says, “Believe on the Lord Jesus Christ and thou shalt be saved.”  Those words were true for Blind Bartimaeus and they will be true for you as well.

FEEDBACK:

            What did God show you from these verses?  What about Bartimaeus’ life reminds you of your life before you came to know Jesus?

"Servanthood Explained & Demonstrated" - (04/11/10)

INTRODUCTION:

I can hardly imagine what it must be like to be a prisoner sitting in a jail cell waiting to be executed. Your mind would surely be racing full speed and your emotions would be stretched as tight as a piano wire. Every sound would be torture, causing you to think, “Are they coming for me? Am I next?” It would be terrible, knowing that death could come at any moment.

Yet this was the experience of Christian martyrs like Nicholas Ridley, Hugh Latimer, William Tyndale, Jan Hus, Thomas Cranmer, and Dietrich Bonhoeffer. They all had the experience of knowing that their days were numbered and that within hours or minutes they would give their lives in a great cause.

TRANSITION:

Jesus too knew what that felt like. In fact, from the moment He came to earth He knew that it was just a matter of time until He would end up nailed to a cross, because that is why He came. Toward the end of His 3½ years of public ministry He spoke often of what awaited Him. In a sense He was on death row awaiting the day when they would come for Him. Oh yes, He was free and walking about, but He still knew what was coming and yet He went about His daily business of preaching and teaching and healing and representing His Father.

In our text for today though, we see Jesus within just a few days of His execution. Yet rather than flee from the danger, He resolutely set His face like a flint to go to Jerusalem where He knew it was all going to take place. We have just finished the remembrance of Passion Week with its Palm Sunday, Good Friday, and Easter. The events of those last days of Jesus’ life are still fresh in our minds. But now we are going to look at them again through the lens of Saint Mark and his Gospel. Turn with me to Mark 10. We’ll begin at verse 32.

MAIN BODY:

Verse 32: They were on their way up to Jerusalem, with Jesus leading the way, and the disciples were astonished, while those who followed were afraid. Again He took the Twelve aside and told them what was going to happen to Him.

• “They were on their way up to Jerusalem, with Jesus leading the way…” This was true on more than one level. Jesus was always leading the way for the disciples. It was always Jesus who determined what they would do and where they would go next. Now He was taking them to Jerusalem. However, that in itself was not unusual because it was the time of the Passover Feast. The roads were jammed with people traveling to Jerusalem for the Feast. The disciples probably thought that this was just going to be another nice religious experience like they had known many times before. However, Jesus had something very different in mind.
• The NIV is a little confusing here. “…with Jesus leading the way…” is better rendered as you have it in the NASV, “…and Jesus was walking on ahead of them.” This in itself was unusual and was a surprising change from His usual practice of walking along with His disciples.
• “…and the disciples were astonished, while those who followed were afraid.” His aloofness bothered them and they could sense that something was wrong. We see two emotions displayed here among Jesus’ retinue. The disciples were astonished. Why? Because they knew that Jesus knew that the religious leaders wanted to kill Jesus and they were astonished that He would go to Jerusalem anyway and run the risk of getting caught. The other followers were afraid for Him, and perhaps a little bit afraid for themselves as well. They were afraid of what might happen, and as it turned out, with good cause.

Verses 33-34: “We are going up to Jerusalem,” He said, “and the Son of Man will be betrayed to the chief priests and teachers of the law. They will condemn Him to death and will hand Him over to the Gentiles, 34 who will mock Him and spit on Him, flog Him and kill Him. Three days later He will rise.”

• Jesus’ words here make it clear that He knew exactly what would happen. None of it came as a surprise to Him. In these two verses He gave to His disciples the Cliff Notes version of the whole death, burial, and resurrection story. Look at the elements:
• He will be betrayed—He already knew what was in Judas’ mind.
• He will be betrayed to the priests and teachers—He already knew who would pay Judas to betray Jesus.
• He will be condemned to die—Jesus already knew how the vote would turn out.
• He will be turned over to the Gentiles—Jesus knew that the Jews would turn Him over to the Romans for sentencing and execution.
• He will be mocked, spat upon, beaten, and killed—Jesus gave a blow by blow description of what He would suffer at the hands of the Roman soldiers.
• He will rise from the dead on the third day—Not the second or fourth day, but the third, in fulfillment of prophecy.

• Jesus made it clear that He knew exactly what was up. In fact, He was not a victim of the circumstances; He was instead orchestrating the circumstances. He was in charge.

Verse 35: Then James and John, the sons of Zebedee, came to Him. “Teacher,” they said, “we want You to do for us whatever we ask.”

• Here we have a rather sudden change of subject. There may have been a space of time between the last conversation and this one as the group walked along the road together.
• James and John had obviously been thinking about this for a while. They had probably discussed how they might broach the subject with the Master. Maybe they had flipped a coin to see who would ask Him the question. They might have even talked about the fact that it would be better to get Him alone before they dropped their request on Him.
• These guys were not the sharpest knives in the drawer. Anybody with half a brain can see through this approach. “We want You to do for us whatever we ask.” If your kid said that to you what would be your response? Would you fall for that one? I don’t think so. How naïve did they think Jesus was?

Verse 36: “What do you want Me to do for you?” He asked.

• The natural response to their question—a noncommittal answer.

Verse 37: They replied, “Let one of us sit at Your right and the other at Your left in Your glory.”

• Here it comes. “Lord, when You set up You Kingdom and have Your golden throne moved in, can we have our thrones there with Yours, one of us on each side of You?” At a king’s right hand was the place of special honor and at his left hand was second in importance. James and John wanted to be Jesus’ #1 and #2 men.
• Matthew records this same conversation in Matt. 20:20-24. However, he adds an interesting bit of information: “Then the mother of Zebedee’s sons came to Jesus with her sons and, kneeling down, asked a favor of him. “What is it you want?” He asked. She said, “Grant that one of these two sons of mine may sit at Your right and the other at Your left in Your kingdom.” How interesting! That verse creates more questions for us. Was this whole thing their mother’s idea? Was she the one pressuring them to ask this favor from Jesus? Or did they put her up to it, thinking that Jesus couldn’t say no to a sweet little old lady? Either way, in both Matthew and Mark’s Gospels the blame fell squarely on the two brothers. They should have known better than to even ask such a thing.
• What does this question reveal about James and John?
• They themselves are naïve.
• They have an overinflated view of their own importance in relation to the other disciples.
• They are selfish and me-oriented, looking out for #1.
• They have no concept of what it means to be a servant of God.

• Jesus could have hammered these guys but instead He used this as a teachable moment to help mold them into something usable. I’m glad that God doesn’t hammer us every time we say or do something stupid. Jesus showed great patience with these guys and He continues to show great patience with us as well, though that does not give us an excuse to continue being stupid. James and John eventually began to show some character and maturity, but it took a while.

Verse 38: “You don’t know what you are asking,” Jesus said. “Can you drink the cup I drink or be baptized with the baptism I am baptized with?”

• Weren’t they paying attention to what He just said up in verses 33-34 about being tortured and executed? What were they thinking? Jesus said, “You don’t know what you are asking.” By that He meant that they didn’t understand the ramifications of their request. Their concept of the Messiah led them to think only in terms of His kingship, power, and glory. They missed out on the “Suffering Servant” part altogether. But to get to go with Him where He was going they would have to suffer what He was going to suffer. That’s what He meant by “drinking the cup with Me” and “being baptized with Me.” He’s talking about the cup of suffering and death.

Verses 39-40: “We can,” they answered. Jesus said to them, “You will drink the cup I drink and be baptized with the baptism I am baptized with, 40 but to sit at My right or left is not for Me to grant. These places belong to those for whom they have been prepared.”

• Their response shows an obvious naïveté. This is the same attitude Peter showed later on in Mark 14:29-31 after Jesus told them once again what was going to happen to Him. In doing so He quoted from Zechariah 13:7 which says, “I will strike down the Shepherd, and the sheep shall be scattered.” Peter took offense at that statement and piped up: “Lord, even if all fall away, I will not.” 30 “I tell you the truth,” Jesus answered, “today—yes, tonight—before the rooster crows twice you yourself will disown Me three times.” 31 But Peter insisted emphatically, “Even if I have to die with You, I will never disown You.”
• There is an old adage that goes, “Be careful what you ask for, because you just might get it.” In this case, James and John, along with all the other disciples, would end up drinking from the cup of suffering and most of them would end up being baptized with the baptism of a martyr’s death. The Bible only mentions the deaths of two apostles, James (the brother of John, of the sons of Zebedee), who was beheaded by Herod Agrippa I in 44 AD (cf. Acts 12:2), and Judas Iscariot, who committed suicide by hanging himself. The details of the deaths of several of the apostles are pretty well documented while others are very sketchy, either by Church tradition or early Christian historians. However, we believe that all of the Apostles died as martyrs, with the exception of John who apparently lived to old age. At least two of them, the brothers Peter and Andrew, were crucified.
• In verse 40 Jesus once again demonstrated that He was not like the secular rulers. “To sit at My right or left is not for Me to grant. These places belong to those for whom they have been prepared.” Earthly rulers give out political plum jobs to their buddies and cronies as rewards for toeing the political line and playing nice. Jesus made it clear that it doesn’t work that way in the Kingdom of God. According to the Bible God is “the Rewarder of those who diligently seek Him” but He does not base His rewards or decisions on political favor or friendship.

Verse 41: When the ten heard [about] this, they became indignant with James and John.

• The NIV does not give us a good translation here. In the original text the word “about” is not there. Apparently the other disciples had been listening in on this conversation between Jesus and the BarZebedee boys and their momma. What is interesting is that the other disciples blamed James and John, not their mother. This leads me to believe that the idea may have originated with the two men, and their mother just got dragged in as an accomplice.

Verse 42: Jesus called them together and said, “You know that those who are regarded as rulers of the Gentiles lord it over them, and their high officials exercise authority over them.

• “Jesus called them together…” This whole thing probably ended up with yelling and name-calling and lots of anger on both sides. But Jesus, the Prince of Peace, restored the calm. “He called them together.” And then He used the failure of James and John to teach a life-lesson about what it means to be a servant.
• Jesus points to the way the Romans rule their citizens, and especially their conquered subjects. The Romans ruled with an iron fist. They believed in the adage, “Might makes right.” These guys had all witnessed the brute power of the Romans and understood their concept of authority to rule. It was the authority of the conqueror to rule over the conquered by means of fear, intimidation, and the sword.

Verses 43-44: Not so with you. Instead, whoever wants to become great among you must be your servant, 44 and whoever wants to be first must be slave of all.

• “Not so with you.” What Jesus means here is, “It shouldn’t be so with you.” We know that sometimes the disciples didn’t live up to the highest ideals, and sometimes neither do we. Jesus was showing them the more excellent way.
• Notice that He recognizes that some people are driven by the desire to be “great” or to be “first.” That is natural. It is the desire that drives competition in all spheres of life. Every athlete wants to win the gold medal. Every CEO wants his company to succeed and pull out in front of the competition. Within bounds this desire is healthy and normal. However, when it comes to interpersonal relationships within the family of God Jesus introduced a new set of rules to live by.
• To paraphrase He said, “If you want to become great make yourself small. If you want to be first, make yourself last. If you want to stand tall, kneel. If you want to be served, become a humble servant.” These are the topsy-turvy rules of the Kingdom. The rules of God always set the rules of men upside-down.

Verse 45: For even the Son of Man did not come to be served, but to serve, and to give His life as a ransom for many.”

• He illustrates His lesson by using Himself as an example. “For even the Son of Man…” Jesus was God in human flesh—the God-Man. He has existed eternally with the Father, and the Bible says that “the fullness of the Godhead dwells in Him bodily.” Angels bow before Him. Demons flee from His holy presence. He created the world and all that it contains. He is the Owner and Master of everything. Yet, when He came to earth He took on the form of a humble servant. He limited Himself. He set aside His rights and His radiant glory. Here He tells His disciples, “I did not come to be served, but to serve, and to give My life as a ransom for many.” This is the key verse of the Book of Mark.
• Notice again the first few words of the verse: “For even the Son of Man…” If anyone ever deserved to be served and waited on it was Jesus. He had every right to exercise His authority and to demand His privileges. However, He set those rights aside to model what servanthood looks like. He became a servant so that He might serve us by dying in our place at Calvary.

CONCLUSION:

Human beings are not humble by nature, and that includes Christians. Servanthood does not come naturally. We are a selfish, clawing, back-stabbing, me-first race. We like being served. We aren’t so crazy about serving others. We like being first. We hate being last. We like to be honored but we don’t like to be humbled. It’s just how we are. By our physical birth we inherit these sinful, selfish traits. However, when Christ comes into our life He begins a process of change and renewal that counteracts what we inherited from our earthly parents. First of all He regenerates us, making us into a new creation, a child of God. Then by the work of God’s Spirit and through the instrumentality of His Word the Lord begins shaping us and molding us with the purpose of conforming us to the image of Christ. The Bible calls this lifelong process, “sanctification.”

Part of that sanctification process involves a complete change in our values. Always being first ceases to be of first importance. Sitting on the top of the heap is not as vital as it used to be. Instead, we learn to dive to the bottom of the pile because that is where the real work takes place. Getting the credit for success is no longer as important as passing on the praise to others. Serving others, the way Jesus served, becomes the new norm, the lifestyle to be appreciated, valued, and admired.

FEEDBACK:

So why does our flesh balk at the idea of being a servant to others? What can we do to learn this spiritual virtue? What would the world be like if Christians practiced more humble servanthood?

"What's In YOUR Easter Basket?" - (04/04/10)

INTRODUCTION:

Almost every year on Easter my wife, Ramel, prepares Easter Baskets for all of our grandchildren. She has great fun going out and buying candy treats and little gifts for the kids. She finds little toys that she carefully wraps up in brightly colored paper. Or sometimes she puts things in those colorful plastic eggs. Then she gathers it all up and puts the stuff in little baskets, one for each child. Later, usually after our Easter lunch, the kids get to open their Easter Baskets. The fun is to watch their faces as they unwrap each candy or gift because each one is special little treat.

TRANSITION:

Today on this Easter Sunday God has given to each of us an Easter Basket filled with wonderful things. And He has made enough Easter Baskets for every person to receive one. All that is required is that we reach out by faith to receive the gift basket that He offers us.

So what’s in your Easter Basket today? Easter is the celebration and remembrance of our Lord’s Resurrection. It is the centerpiece of the Christian faith. It is the event that forever sets Christianity apart from every other religion on the planet. We don’t worship a dead leader—some dead guru buried in a cave. No, Jesus is alive! He rose on the third day just as He foretold that He would. The Bible says that He is now in Heaven seated at the Father’s right hand making intercession for us. Moreover, He will come again to gather His Church to be with Him forever. This is the blessed hope of every Christian.

Many passages in the NT speak about the significance of Christ’s resurrection but none as clearly or as powerfully as Paul’s analysis in I Cor. 15. Turn in your Bibles to that passage. Here the apostle Paul goes into the ramifications of Christ’s resurrection—what it means to each one of us. Let’s unpack this Easter Basket item by item. There are seven that I want to highlight this morning.

MAIN BODY:

1. The Good News is proclaimed (vs. 1-5) – 1 “Now, brothers, I want to remind you of the Gospel I preached to you, which you received and on which you have taken your stand. 2 By this Gospel you are saved, if you hold firmly to the word I preached to you. Otherwise, you have believed in vain. 3 For what I received I passed on to you as of first importance: that Christ died for our sins according to the Scriptures, 4 that He was buried, that He was raised on the third day according to the Scriptures, 5 “…and that He appeared to Peter, and then to the Twelve.”

2. Christ’s Resurrection attested by many witnesses (vs. 5-8) - 5 “…and that He appeared to Peter, and then to the Twelve. 6 After that, He appeared to more than five hundred of the brothers at the same time, most of whom are still living, though some have fallen asleep. 7 Then He appeared to James, then to all the apostles, 8 and last of all He appeared to me also, as to one abnormally born [i.e. out of due time].”

3. Our Christ is alive (vs. 13-14 w/ v. 20) - 13 “If there is no resurrection of the dead, then not even Christ has been raised. 14 And if Christ has not been raised, our preaching is useless and so is your faith… 20 But Christ has indeed been raised from the dead, the firstfruits of those who have fallen asleep.”

4. Our faith is verified (v. 14 w/ v. 20) – 14 “And if Christ has not been raised, our preaching is useless and so is your faith… 20 But Christ has indeed been raised from the dead!”

5. Our witness is vindicated (v. 15 w/ v. 20) - 15 “More than that, we are then found to be false witnesses about God, for we have testified about God that he raised Christ from the dead. But He did not raise Him if in fact the dead are not raised… 20 But Christ has indeed been raised from the dead!”

6. Our sins are forgiven (v. 17 w/ v. 20) - 17 “And if Christ has not been raised, your faith is futile; you are still in your sins… 20 But Christ has indeed been raised from the dead!”

7. Our future is secured (v. 18 w/ v. 20) - 18 “Then those also who have fallen asleep in Christ are lost… 20 But Christ has indeed been raised from the dead, the firstfruits of those who have fallen asleep!”

CONCLUSION:

I said a few moments ago that the Resurrection of Jesus from the dead is the centerpiece of Christianity. It is the fulcrum point on which everything balances. Take away the Resurrection and the rest will fold up like a cheap lawn chair. In other words, if you can prove that the Resurrection did not happen and that Jesus merely died and stayed dead like every other martyred religious leader in history, then you can, and should, discount everything that Christianity teaches, because it is all based on a lie, a historical inaccuracy. If Jesus was not raised from the dead, then you can forget anything He ever said because He didn’t know what He was talking about. He was just spouting a bunch of religious hogwash.

However, if Jesus indeed accomplished what He said He would do, if He rose from the dead on the third day just as He said He would, then you cannot afford to ignore Him or anything He said. He declared that the proof that He was indeed God in the flesh, come to be our Savior was that He would rise from the dead. Listen to His words recorded in Mark 10:33-34. He said this to His disciples just a few weeks before His crucifixion: “We are going up to Jerusalem,” He said, “and the Son of Man will be betrayed to the chief priests and teachers of the law. They will condemn Him to death and will hand Him over to the Gentiles, who will mock Him and spit on Him, flog Him and kill Him. Three days later He will rise!” How much clearer could He have made it for them, or for us?

I’ve explained to you what is in your Easter Basket, item by item. These are the wonderful gifts from God that are all bundled together with the most wonderful gift of all, the living, resurrected Savior, Jesus. Today, each of us is faced with a decision to make: What will you do with Jesus? There are three possible responses:

     1. You can ignore Him and go on about your business. However, the Bible says that you will die in your sins and be separated from God for all eternity.

     2. You can shake your fist at Him in anger and tell Him that you hate Him and all He stands for. However, again, the Bible says that you will die in your sins and be separated from God in hell for all eternity.

     3. You can open your heart to Him and receive the gift of life He came to give you. If you do, the Bible says that you will be with Him forever.